6. Cost of work contracted out and other external costs
(in millions of euros) | 2021 | 2020 |
Costs of subcontracted work | 121 | 186 |
Remediation costs | 98 | 96 |
Maintenance | 285 | 261 |
Automation costs | 208 | 204 |
Total | 712 | 747 |
The cost of work contracted out is the cost related to the execution of orders to third parties that is not covered by the other items in this category.